Foam concrete is also known as foamed cement, lightweight concrete, etc. It is a new type of building energy-saving material that is waste-friendly, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, inexpensive and non-combustible. Lightweight concrete (foamed concrete) is to introduce air or nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and other gases into the concrete slurry chemically or physically according to the application needs—specific products with considerable strength. The production of lightweight concrete (foam concrete) is usually a mechanical method to prepare an aqueous foaming agent into the foam. The specific operation is: make the foaming agent aqueous solution into foam by automated means and then add the foam to the slurry composed of silicon material, calcium material, water and various admixtures, etc., after mixing and stirring, pouring moulding, curing Made.
As a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly building materials, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research and development to make it widely used in wall materials. The advantages are low density, lightweight, thermal insulation, sound insulation, earthquake resistance and other properties. However, it still has certain defects, such as low strength, cracking, water absorption, etc. Therefore, to further expand its application field, further research is needed in foaming agent, mix ratio, process flow, equipment and so on. It can be applied to retaining walls, construction of sports fields and track and field runways, sandwich members, used as composite wall panels, pipeline backfill, lean concrete filling, roof slopes, support for storage tank feet, etc. However, its application has defects such as low strength, cracking and water absorption, and its performance needs to be further improved.
Lightweight concrete features:
1. Lightweight and strong
Lightweight concrete has a low density. The density grade of commonly used lightweight concrete is 300-1200kg / m3, which is equivalent to 1 / 5-1 / 10 of ordinary concrete. The compressive strength is higher than 0.25Mpa, and different depths can be produced according to the design requirements of the building Of lightweight concrete (foam concrete) products.
2. Insulation
Because the lightweight concrete contains a large number of closed and small pores, the thermal performance is excellent, and the lightweight concrete with a density grade of 260-1200kg / m3 has a thermal conductivity of 0.06-0.3W (M.K).
3. Excellent sound insulation and fire resistance
Lightweight concrete is a porous material with a sound absorption capacity of 0.09-0.19%. It has excellent sound insulation performance. It can be used as an audio insulation layer in building floors and highway sound insulation boards, underground building top floors and other fields.
4. Low elastic shock resistance
The porosity of the lightweight concrete makes it have a low modulus of elasticity so that it has an excellent absorption and dispersion effect on impact loads.
The lightweight concrete mix ratio
The design of the mix ratio of lightweight concrete should mainly meet the requirements of compressive strength, density and consistency, and be based on the principle of rational use of materials and saving of cement. When necessary, special requirements for particular properties (such as elastic modulus, carbonization, and frost resistance) should be met.
The mix ratio of lightweight concrete should be determined by calculation and trail mix.
The light and coarse aggregate in the mix ratio of lightweight aggregate concrete should adopt the same type of lightweight aggregate. When the structural insulation light aggregate concrete and its products are mixed with light coarse aggregate of coal (furnace) slag, its content should not be higher than 30% of the total coarse aggregate. The carbon content of coal (furnace) residue should not be higher than 10%. When blending another kind of coarse aggregate to improve specific properties, the reasonable blending amount must be determined through experiments.
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